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14 scientific facts you probably didn't know
Science

14 scientific facts you probably didn't know

The world is full of surprising facts about the Earth and how we interact with it, even when we don’t understand or appreciate what happens around us. We use a bit of science to sort out the millions of bits of information our feet feel every second. There are many surprising facts about nature, including that you share more DNA with a banana than you may realise. Several things around us are surprising, including the strength of a single human hair and the vast space in the solar system. The following story has amazing facts about the body, the animals that live on Earth with us, and about space.

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7 months ago
New Renault Duster 1.3 Turbo Petrol Drive Review: Living Upto The Hype?
Technology

New Renault Duster 1.3 Turbo Petrol Drive Review: Living Upto The Hype?

Finally we tested the new Duster to our hearts content around the beautiful hill roads surrounding Dehradun while driving to Rishikesh with a solid seven hour drive. The new Duster comes after the likes of the new Kia Seltos and Tata Sierra already ruffling feathers in this fiercely competitive space while the Hyundai Creta continues to hold onto the crown. For Renault, the new Duster is very important so lets get straight to the driving experience of the 1.3l turbo petrol DCT which we tested. How Does It Drive? The 1.3l turbo unit develops more power than rivals at 163ps and 280Nm torque with a 6-speed DCT with a wet clutch. Typically, a wet clutch works better for our roads and the Duster's gearbox is genuinely one of the smoother ones. There are no jerks and this gearbox is smooth in stop-go traffic while fast enough on twisty roads to extract the best out of this engine. There are paddle shifters too and the gearbox does shift quickly for keen drivers along with giving that sense of fun. The engine is quiet at low speeds but there is a distinct audible noise at higher speeds. The low speed driving manners are spot on generally with a light steering which makes it easy to drive plus the excellent visibility all round. You sit high though and have the typical SUV-like commanding driving position while the steering adjusts for both rake and reach. The ride quality at low speeds is superb though as the suspension is tough and flattens the road very well. The ground clearance of 212mm means it relishes mountain roads and everything you can throw at it. The ride over bad roads with high speeds is even better as it will absorb and transmit less on the inside which means it is composed while not throwing around the passengers. It does feel like the old Duster here. The engine keeps up with plenty of power and is quick but only it gets a bit noisy. Despite no AWD, the toughness means it will go beyond what its rivals can cope with and that's the appeal of the Duster. Is It Practical Enough? The huge boot at 700l will swallow all of your luggage and it has a powered tailgate release as well but it does not go up high enough. Elsewhere, there is plenty of storage on the inside with large sized door pockets, a large glovebox, seatback pockets and central storage. Getting in and out isn't an issue as it is not as tall as some ladder frame SUVs but it is taller than some rivals. Space on the inside is a mixed bag though. Seats are comfortable but the rear seat is short on space for three passengers plus there are no sun blinds or a boss mode. The large panoramic sunroof makes it airy on the inside though and four passengers would be comfy with good headroom while only legroom is a bit tight. It does not come with a spare wheel also as it gets only a repair kit. Is It Well Equipped? The new Duster does very well here and pushes ahead of rivals. Basics like a panoramic sunroof, wireless charging, wireless connectivity and a digital cluster is covered but there are powered front seats (with manual lumbar adjustment) with ventilation, dual zone climate control, powered handbrake, Google built in which is convenient including Google Maps and Play Store, 360 degree camera, all round disc brakes, powered tailgate, sliding armrest at the front and more. The audio system sounds decent while the Google built in is very useful along with plenty of physical buttons too including a separate stalk for volume control on the steering wheel. ADAS features are there too and are well calibrated for our roads.  Is It Worth Buying? The new Duster is a modern day version of the old model which was loved by many. The styling is perfect in being a modern evolution of the Duster while it looks perfect in this green. It has presence, feature packed interiors and good quality with a sturdy feel while the talking point is the suspension, ride quality and way it feels more off-ready than rivals. Yes, the new Duster isn't big on rear seat space and there is no diesel but for now, it is a compact SUV for those who want an SUV which goes beyond tech or flashy looks with its more rugged appeal. It is for those who want a tougher compact SUV but without the disadvantages of a large ladder frame SUV. The fact that it's priced less than rivals is the icing on the cake (Rs 10.4 lakh to Rs 18.4 lakh). What we like- Styling, suspension and handling, high equipment list, DCT gearbox, performance, value for money  What we don't like- Rear seat short on space, no diesel engine, 1.3 turbo could be a bit more refined.

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7 months ago
ABP Live Doc Talk | Chronic Kidney Disease In India: Understanding The Rising Burden And The Way Forward
Health

ABP Live Doc Talk | Chronic Kidney Disease In India: Understanding The Rising Burden And The Way Forward

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has emerged as one of the most important public health challenges in India. Over the past two decades, its prevalence has increased steadily, paralleling the rising burden of non-communicable diseases across the country. Epidemiological studies, including the work of Singh AK and colleagues, estimate that approximately 11–12% of the Indian population may be living with some form of CKD. In a nation of more than 1.4 billion people, this represents an enormous absolute disease burden. ALSO READ: World Down Syndrome Day 2026: Know History, Significance, Theme And More About This Day The Silent Progression Of Chronic Kidney Disease Globally, CKD affects nearly one in ten adults, making it one of the fastest growing causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A particularly concerning aspect of CKD is the silent nature of the disease in its early stages. Many patients remain asymptomatic until significant renal impairment has already occurred. As a result, a large proportion of individuals in India are diagnosed only when the disease has progressed to advanced stages. This underscores the critical need for greater public awareness, early detection strategies, and systematic screening programs. Among the etiological factors contributing to CKD, diabetes mellitus remains the single most important driver, followed closely by hypertension. India currently has one of the largest populations of individuals living with diabetes globally. According to the International Diabetes Federation (IDF), approximately 74–77 million adults in India are currently living with diabetes, and projections suggest that this number may exceed 120 million by 2045 if current trends persist. Additionally, a substantial proportion of the population has prediabetes, further amplifying the risk of future diabetic complications. Pathophysiology Of Diabetic Kidney Disease Diabetic kidney disease arises as a consequence of chronic hyperglycaemia, which leads to structural and functional alterations within the kidney. Persistent elevation of blood glucose results in glomerular hyperfiltration, endothelial dysfunction, and progressive injury to the glomerular filtration barrier. Over time, this manifests clinically as albuminuria and a progressive decline in glomerular filtration rate, eventually culminating in advanced CKD and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The rapid increase in diabetes and CKD in India can also be viewed through the lens of evolutionary biology. The “thrifty gene” hypothesis suggests that certain genetic traits enabling efficient energy storage evolved as survival advantages during periods of food scarcity in human history. Our ancestors lived in environments characterized by inconsistent food availability and high levels of physical activity. Under such conditions, metabolic efficiency and energy conservation were beneficial adaptations. However, in today’s environment, characterised by widespread availability of calorie-dense foods, rapid urbanization, and declining physical activity, these same metabolic traits may predispose individuals to obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Consequently, the interaction between genetic predisposition and modern lifestyle patterns has contributed significantly to the rising burden of metabolic disease and diabetic kidney disease. Despite these challenges, diabetic kidney disease remains one of the most preventable forms of CKD when detected early and managed appropriately. Early identification of kidney involvement in patients with diabetes is therefore essential. Three simple and widely available tests can facilitate early detection: Serum creatinine with estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) or detection of proteinuria Blood pressure measurement and control These investigations are inexpensive, easily accessible, and capable of identifying kidney disease well before the onset of symptoms. Current international guidelines recommend annual screening for kidney disease in all individuals with diabetes. Management Of Diabetic Kidney Disease Once CKD is detected, slowing disease progression becomes the primary therapeutic goal. Optimal glycaemic control, effective blood pressure management, and blockade of the renin–angiotensin system remain the cornerstone of therapy. More recently, newer pharmacological agents, including SGLT2 inhibitors and non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, have demonstrated substantial renoprotective benefits and are now integral components of contemporary management of diabetic kidney disease. Lifestyle modification continues to play a pivotal role in both prevention and disease control. Regular physical activity, maintenance of a healthy body weight, and dietary patterns emphasizing whole grains, traditional cereals such as millets, fruits, and vegetables, while limiting refined carbohydrates and excess sugars, can significantly improve metabolic health and reduce the risk of kidney disease progression. Equally important is the need for timely medical evaluation and intervention. Early testing and prompt treatment can substantially reduce the likelihood of kidney failure and the eventual need for dialysis or transplantation. At a systemic level, addressing CKD in India requires strengthening healthcare infrastructure and improving access to advanced kidney care. The gap between the number of patients requiring renal replacement therapy and those who are able to receive it remains considerable. Dialysis and transplantation services, although expanding, continue to face challenges related to cost, accessibility, and infrastructure. According to the National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO), approximately 13,600 kidney transplants were performed in India in 2024. However, the estimated national requirement is nearly 1.7–2.2 lakh kidney transplants annually, highlighting a massive unmet need. This disparity underscores the urgent necessity to expand organ donation awareness, strengthen deceased donor programs, and improve equitable access to transplantation services across the country. Disclaimer: The information provided in the article is shared by experts and is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

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7 months ago
World Down Syndrome Day 2026: Know History, Significance, Theme And More About This Day
Health

World Down Syndrome Day 2026: Know History, Significance, Theme And More About This Day

Observed every year on March 21, World Down Syndrome Day shines a spotlight on inclusion, dignity, and equal rights for individuals living with Down syndrome. The day serves as a global reminder that people with this genetic condition, caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, deserve not just care, but meaningful opportunities to participate fully in society. While it affects physical growth and learning abilities, it does not define a person’s potential. With the right support systems, individuals with Down syndrome can lead fulfilling, independent, and productive lives, contributing richly to their families and communities. World Down Syndrome Day 2026 Theme The theme for 2026, 'Together Against Loneliness,' draws attention to an often-overlooked issue, social isolation. It emphasises the need to go beyond basic inclusion and build genuine human connections. The theme reinforces that belonging is not optional; it is a fundamental human right essential for emotional well-being and a meaningful life. History Of World Down Syndrome Day 2026 The journey of this global observance began in 2006, when the first World Down Syndrome Day was marked by advocacy groups aiming to raise awareness about the condition. Over time, efforts intensified as organizations like Down Syndrome International joined hands with national bodies to amplify the message on a broader scale. A major milestone came in November 2011, when the United Nations General Assembly formally recognized the importance of the cause. It passed a resolution to observe the day annually, and in December of the same year, officially declared March 21, 2012, as World Down Syndrome Day. Since then, the date, symbolising the triplication of chromosome 21, has been observed worldwide with campaigns, events, and initiatives promoting awareness and inclusion. Significance Of The Day World Down Syndrome Day holds deep global relevance, not only as a health awareness campaign but also as a social movement. According to estimates, around 1 in every 1000 to 1100 newborns worldwide is born with Down syndrome, with approximately 3,000 to 5,000 such births each year. In India, the figure stands at nearly 1 in 830 live births, highlighting the need for greater awareness and support systems. Beyond statistics, the day addresses real-life challenges. Many individuals with Down syndrome continue to face stigma, especially from early stages such as prenatal diagnosis to infancy and beyond. Social biases often extend into education and employment, where opportunities remain limited. By promoting equal rights, fair hiring practices, and decision-making independence, this observance seeks to reshape perceptions and create a more inclusive society. Understanding Down Syndrome And Its Types Down syndrome is not a disease but a genetic condition that occurs due to an extra chromosome 21. It impacts physical and cognitive development but varies widely among individuals. The most common type is Trisomy 21, accounting for about 95% of cases, where every cell in the body carries the extra chromosome. Translocation Down syndrome, seen in around 3% of cases, involves an additional chromosome 21 attached to another chromosome and may sometimes be inherited. Mosaic Down syndrome, the rarest form at about 2%, features a mix of normal and affected cells, often resulting in milder characteristics.

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7 months ago
Doc Talk | Endometriosis In Your 20s? Why More Young Women Are Being Diagnosed Early
Health

Doc Talk | Endometriosis In Your 20s? Why More Young Women Are Being Diagnosed Early

For decades, endometriosis was mistakenly labeled as a disease of the thirties, often caught only when women faced infertility or severe pain later in life. However, we are now diagnosing a growing number of women in their early twenties and even teenagers. “Recent evidence shows that endometriosis can begin striking in adolescence, even in pre-menarcheal girls. Studies reveal that among teens with chronic pelvic pain, 25–38% have endometriosis, and up to 64% of those undergoing laparoscopy for persistent symptoms are diagnosed with it. Visual confirmation via laparoscopy yields rates around 62% overall, 75% among those with chronic pain, and 70% with dysmenorrhea. Historically, one of the earliest reports found a 6% incidence in adolescents.” Recognition and seeking treatment in thjs age group is increasing. This trend is driven by an evolved understanding of the disease's systemic nature and a global shift toward early detection. ALSO READ: ABP Live Doc Talk | Pregnancy After 35: Understanding Maternal Age And The Risk Of Chromosomal Conditions The Myth Of "Normal" Period Pain A primary reason for increased diagnoses in younger women is the dismantling of the myth that debilitating menstrual pain is a normal rite of passage. Historically, patients were told to "grin and bear it," leading to an average diagnostic delay of seven to eight years. Today, increased public awareness and standardied screening are encouraging 20-somethings to seek help sooner. If menstrual pain prevents a young woman from attending university or work, it is now recognied as a clinical red flag rather than a routine symptom. Environmental And Biological Triggers Emerging research suggests endometriosis may begin in utero or be triggered during early adolescence. Long term exposure to environmental toxins and endocrine disruptors like BPA and phthalates is being investigated for triggering hormonal imbalances that contribute to early onset. Furthermore, we now understand that disrupted immune surveillance allows endometrial-like tissue to implant and grow outside the uterus as soon as menstruation begins, making it a systemic inflammatory issue that starts early. Closing The Diagnostic Gap With AI And Ultrasound The diagnostic delay is also shrinking due to a revolution in non-invasive tools. While laparoscopy remains the gold standard, we now utilie AI-powered MRI with 3D pelvic reconstruction and the UBESS (Ultrasound-Based Endometriosis Staging System). These allow us to identify deep infiltrating lesions and estimate lesion depth in real-time, meaning we no longer have to wait for the disease to reach advanced stages before offering a diagnosis. There are biomarkers now being tested which detect endometriosis in those patients in whom radiology doesn’t pick up the lesions.A strong clinical suspicion with thorough examjnations are key factors. Preserving Fertility And Long-Term Health Diagnosing endometriosis in one's twenties provides a critical window for fertility preservation. Since the disease causes chronic inflammation and alters the hormonal environment around the eggs, early intervention is paramount. By integrating specialied Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) and individualied care plans early on, we can protect reproductive health before scar tissue and fibrosis take a heavy toll. By recogniing symptoms in the twenties and utiliing a multidisciplinary approach, we are moving from late-stage symptom management to early disease modification. For millions of young women, this shift offers the hope of a future defined by health rather than a diagnosis. Disclaimer: The information provided in the article is shared by experts and is intended for general informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified healthcare provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.

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7 months ago
NZ vs SA: Latham leads New Zealand to easy win, go 2-1 up
Sports

NZ vs SA: Latham leads New Zealand to easy win, go 2-1 up

New Zealand beat South Africa by eight wickets in the third T20, chasing 137 with ease. Tom Latham’s unbeaten 63 and Devon Conway’s 39 led the way after bowlers restricted South Africa to 136. The visitors struggled despite a late fightback, while New Zealand’s calm approach secured a 2-1 lead in the five-match series.

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7 months ago
American student James Gracey found dead off Barcelona’s beach after disappearing from Shoko nightclub — here’s what we know
World

American student James Gracey found dead off Barcelona’s beach after disappearing from Shoko nightclub — here’s what we know

A 20-year-old American student, James Gracey, was found dead in shallow ocean waters in Barcelona after going missing during a night out clubbing. While initial signs suggest an accidental death, the circumstances remain unclear. Gracey, from Illinois, was on spring break and became separated from friends at a beachfront club. His phone was later recovered, having been stolen.

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7 months ago